| dc.description.abstract | Integrated Crop-Livestock Farming Systems (ICLFS) are globally recognized for their contributions in improving agricultural sustainability. These systems also play a big role in Conservation and Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA), since they lead to reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, thus assist in coping with effects of climate change. This study aimed at determining the influence of integrated farming approach on crop performance in Rarieda Sub-County, investigating the challenges to nutrition and food security by farmers practicing livestock and crop integrated farming systems, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of extension services in achieving nutrition and food security by farmers. A descriptive study design was adopted whereby a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on key variables. The study revealed that 91 percent of the respondents practiced ICLFS with a male dominance. On average, the farmers own a land size of 1-1.5 ha which is split for crop and livestock farming. Majority of the farmers carry out ICLFS for subsistence at 79 percent, with the main components being dairy cattle, cereals and legumes. The farmers harvest an average of 10 bags of maize per hectare with a minimum of 8 bags/ha and a maximum of 15 bags/ha. This ensures food security for there is a portion available for consumption and commercial purposes. Seed type has a significant effect on the yield (p<0.05) as indicated by the high performance of the certified maize seeds. Use of farmyard manure has no significant difference from the industrial fertilizers on crop performance (p = 0.578). Water shortage and feed resources are a challenge to keeping of livestock and crop growing. The respondents decry access to extension services. This is one area that would help them improve their crop and livestock production. In turn, this would lead to food security and improved lifestyle. This study therefore recommended improvement to ICLFS being practiced in the area to achieve commercialization and improvement of the living standard of smallholder farmers. | en_US |