In response to the gender disparities in Kenya, various policy frameworks have been formulated since the country gained independence. These frameworks aim to tackle the gender gap and include the National Gender and Development Policy 2000, the Kenya Vision 2030, which serves as the government's comprehensive plan for development, and its medium-term plans spanning from 2008 to 2020. Additionally, the County Integrated Development Plans (CIDP) have emerged as a recent initiative in this regard. The significance of these policy frameworks cannot be overstated; nonetheless, it is crucial to emphasize the historical dimensions pertaining to the advancement of gender equality in order to establish a comprehensive intervention framework for addressing gender disparity. This study aimed to examine the pursuit of gender egalitarianism in the context of the persistence of patriarchy in Kenya, focusing specifically on Homa-Bay County from 1894 onwards. The study's analysis of Robert Filmer's patriarchal theory emphasizes the influence of culture on discussions surrounding gender equality. It elucidates how patriarchal ideology reinforces the notion of male superiority, resulting in women's dependence on males for their sustenance. The theory posits that patriarchal ideology serves to legitimize the hierarchical power dynamics between men and women in society by attributing them to intrinsic biological distinctions between the sexes. Therefore, adherence to patriarchal authority is deemed significant and is a component of women's political duty. In the context of a patriarchal paradigm, it is evident that legal, institutional, and administrative measures aimed at promoting gender equality in Kenya face significant challenges. This study examined the impact of patriarchy on gender dynamics in pre-colonial Homa-Bay County, the effects of colonial policies on gender dynamics in Homa-Bay County during the period of 1894-1963, and the state of gender relations in post-colonial Homa-Bay County up until 2021. The research employed a historical research design, as described by Gottschalk Louis, to gather, authenticate, and amalgamate historical information in order to establish factual support or contradiction for the gender egalitarian hypothesis. The study employed non-probability sampling methods, specifically purposive and snowball sampling approaches, to identify the respondents. A comprehensive data collection approach was employed, consisting of 67 informant interviews and seven focus group discussions. The data was gathered through the utilization of interview schedules and focus group discussion guides. In order to enhance the validity of the research findings, supplementary primary data was collected from the National Archives, thereby employing a triangulation approach with the existing oral and secondary data sources. The researcher gathered secondary data from many sources, including theses, journal articles, books, and online publications, obtained from academic institutions and libraries. The obtained data is systematically categorized into topical chapters within the thesis, aligning with the study topics. The study employed content and thematic analysis techniques, and ensured the validity and trustworthiness of the findings by cross-referencing primary and secondary data sources. The study's results indicate that women in pre-colonial Kenya actively engaged in the decision-making process, took part in communal rituals, and had a significant role in economic endeavors. However, it is important to note that patriarchal cultural norms persist, perpetuating the subjugation of women. In addition, despite the implementation of legislative, structural, and administrative measures in Kenya since 1992, the patriarchal system continues to hinder the well-being and progress of women in the nation. These findings will provide guidance for policy makers to reevaluate and examine the approaches and strategies implemented in the quest of gender equal societies.