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[(\()-6.8(5)-6.9(5)-8(1)-6.9(%)0(\))-314.3(i)0(n)-313.3(w)-7.7(es)-8.9(t)-7(e)0(r)-9.1(n)-312.1(an)-9.1(d)-306.4(c)-8(e)-8(n)0(t)-8.1(r)-6.8(a)-8(l)-306.5(A)-7.7(f)-6.8(ri)-8.1(c)-8(a)-307.5(\()-87.5(M)-7.8(e)-8(d)0(i)-8.1(a)-8(nn)-8(i)-7(k)-6.9(ov)-313.2(et)-314.5(al)-9.3(.)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(2)-6.9(0)-6.9(1)0(0)-8(b)-6.9(\).)-344.3(I)-6.8(n)-340.9(t)-7(h)0(e)-348.9(c)0(o)-9.1(a)-8(st)-7.9(a)-8(l)-341(r)-6.8(e)0(g)-9.1(i)-7(on)-347.8(of)-342(C)-7.9(a)-8(me)-10.4(r)-6.8(o)0(o)-8(n)-6.9(,)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
18.3043 0 TD
[(R.)-345.6(a)-6.9(f)0(r)-7.9(i)-7(c)-8(a)0(e)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
4.4235 0 TD
.0079 Tc
(was)Tj
-22.7278 -1.1116 TD
0 Tc
[(ide)12.7(nti)13.7(ed)-459.3(in)-468.9(6%)-469.8(of)-462.9(pat)12.7(ien)12.7(ts)-468.7(wit)12.8(h)-467.6(acu)11.7(te)-470(feb)12.8(ril)13.8(e)-468.8(ill)13.6(nes)13(s)-473.2(not)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(cau)11.7(sed)-194.3(by)-203.8(mal)11.5(ari)12.7(a)-203.8(o)0(r)-203.8(typ)19.6(hoi)13.8(d)-208.4(fev)12.8(er)-199.2(\(Nd)13.1(ip)-203.9(et)-199.3(al.)-197(200)14(4\).)-195.7(A)-209.3(stu)14(dy)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(in)-198.2(rur)14(al)-199.3(Sen)13(eg)13.9(al)-199.3(fou)14(nd)-198(ric)12.7(ket)12.7(tsi)13.9(al)-193.6(DNA)-196(in)-198.2(a)-203.8(sim)12.8(ila)18.3(r)-202.7(per)12.8(cen)11.7(tag)12.7(e)]TJ
T*
[(\(7%)12.9(\))-237.2(o)0(f)-232.6(134)-227.9(feb)12.8(ril)13.8(e,)-236.1(non)14(ma)12.7(lar)12.7(ial)-229.3(pat)12.7(ien)12.7(ts)-232.5(\()-81.7(M)0(e)13(dia)12.7(nni)13.8(kov)-227.9(et)-233.9(al.)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(201)14(0b\))14(;)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
3.5595 0 TD
[(R.)-466.5(fel)12.6(is)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
3.4616 0 TD
[(an)13.9(d)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
1.9065 0 TD
[(R.)-466.5(con)12.8(ori)14(i)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
4.1931 0 TD
[(,)-470(and)-465.2(not)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
4.3774 0 TD
[(R.)-466.5(afr)14(ica)12.7(e)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
4.1412 0 TD
[(,)-470(wer)12(e)]TJ
-21.6392 -1.1116 TD
[(ide)12.7(nti)13.7(ed)13(.)]TJ
1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(In)-272.9(East)-271.6(Africa,)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
6.1917 0 TD
[(R.)-270.7(africae)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
4.2507 0 TD
[(was)-270.1(previously)-277.2(detected)-272.9(in)-273(16%)]TJ
-11.4561 -1.1174 TD
[(of)-307.4(adult)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
3.4616 0 TD
[(A.)-311(variegatum)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
6.0419 0 TD
[(ticks)-312(in)-307.6(southwestern)-315.8(Kenya)-308.2(\()-87.5(Maca-)]TJ
-9.5035 -1.1116 TD
[(luso)-252(et)-245.4(al.)-248.8(2003\).)-250.8(A)-249.6(fatal)-250(case)-249.6(of)-249.8(spotted)-250.8(fever)-249.7(rickettsiosis)-252.8(in)]TJ
25.504 67.9184 TD
[(an)-251(expatriate)-246.4(in)-250(Kenya)-244.9(was)-247.1(attributed)-250(to)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
16.2193 0 TD
[(R.)-247.6(conorii)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
4.2507 0 TD
(infection,)Tj
-20.47 -1.1174 TD
[(the)-194.7(causative)-193.2(agent)-186.5(of)-192.2(Mediterranean)-194(spotted)-193.3(fever)-192.1(\()-81.7(MSF\),)-186.9(on)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(the)-448.1(basis)-444.1(of)-439.9(the)-448.1(severity)-443.1(of)-445.7(the)-442.3(disease)-448.7(\(Rutherford)-446.3(et)-441.2(al.)]TJ
T*
[(2004\),)-227.8(and)-223.3(a)-221.1(laboratory-conrmed)-228.4(case)-226.6(of)-221(MSF)-222.8(occurred)-225.3(in)-221.2(a)]TJ
T*
[(Japanese)-375.9(traveler)-375.4(to)-370.9(Kenya)-377.3(\(Yoshikawa)-372.1(et)-372.1(al.)-375.5(2005\).)-371.8(More)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(recen)-9(tly,)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
3.8187 0 TD
[(R.)-328.3(felis,)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
3.4501 0 TD
[(the)-327.1(agent)-330.5(of)-324.7(ea-borne)-330(spotted)-331.5(fever,)-328(was)]TJ
-7.2687 -1.1116 TD
[(detected)-388.1(in)-382.5(febrile)-390.4(patients)-385.7(in)-382.5(northeastern)-385.3(\(Richards)-387.5(et)-383.6(al.)]TJ
T*
[(2010\))-224.3(and)-223.3(western)-223.9(\()-81.7(Maina)-227.7(et)-216.6(al.)-225.8(2012\))-218.6(Kenya.)-225.3(We)-224.5(conducted)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(serosur)-8.4(veillance)-349(for)-343.1(immunoglobulin)-346.7(G)-347.5(\(IgG\))-346.1(antibodies)-347.6(to)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(SFG)-188.2(and)-183(typhus)-185.1(group)-184(\(TG\))-185(rickettsiae)-189.8(in)-180.9(domestic)-191(ruminants)]TJ
T*
[(and)-252.1(surveyed)-247.1(for)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
6.9692 0 TD
[(R.)-247.6(africae)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
4.2046 0 TD
(in)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.0252 0 TD
(Amblyomma)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
5.2471 0 TD
[(ticks)-248.6(of)-249.8(domestic)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 313.0582 604.5731 Tm
[(rumin)-6.8(ants)-241.6(and)-240.6(ixodid)-237.3(ticks)-242.9(found)-241.6(on)-244.1(domestic)-242.8(dogs)-240.4(in)-238.5(a)-244.2(rural)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(settin)-8(g)-277.6(i)0(n)-278.8(western)-287.3(Kenya.)]TJ
/F1 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 313.0582 566.2487 Tm
[(Materials)-339(and)-331.9(Methods)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
0 -1.8336 TD
[(Study)-338.6(site)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 533.3668 Tm
[(The)-299.4(study)-299.2(was)-304.6(conducted)-301.5(in)-296.1(the)-298.3(Asembo)-303.4(division)-297(of)-301.7(Rar-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(ieda)-225.7(\(formerly)-219.7(Bondo\))-220.7(subcounty)-218.4(of)-221(Siaya)-220.9(County)-220.9(in)-215.4(western)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(Kenya,)-282.8(in)-273(20082010.)-272.5(This)-276.2(rural)-277.4(site)-276.3(on)-278.7(the)-275.3(eastern)-276.1(shore)-277.1(of)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(Lake)-451.4(Victoria)-444.3(falls)-444.4(within)-445.6(a)-445.8(health)-446.9(and)-448(demographic)-443.2(sur-)]TJ
T*
[(veillance)-199.3(system)-193.1(\(HDSS\))-192.3(run)-187.6(by)-192.3(the)-188.9(Kenya)-193(Medical)-196.7(Research)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(Institute)-322.4(\(KEMRI\))-322.6(and)-315.5(US)-319.7(Centers)-322(for)-320(Disease)-322.8(Control)-320(and)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(Prevention)-526(\(CDC\).)-524.4(The)-524(HDSS)-518.4(collects)-525.1(household)-523.6(demo-)]TJ
T*
[(graphic)-442.1(and)-436.4(socioeconomic)-440.7(data)-438.8(three)-439.9(times)-434.2(per)-442.2(year)-438.7(and)]TJ
T*
[(includes)-546.9(information)-544.7(on)-543.6(the)-540.2(number)-544.6(of)-537.8(livest)-8(ock)-540.1(owned)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(\(Adazu)-320.8(et)-320.3(al.)-317.9(2005\).)-314.2(The)-322.4(population)-317.8(undertakes)-319.7(agricultural)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(production)-375.3(through)-370.7(a)-376.6(traditional)-372.2(mixed)-370.9(croplivestock)-376.2(sys-)]TJ
T*
[(tem)-311.1(and)-309.7(shing.)-309.3(In)-307.4(this)-309.7(area,)-310.8(44%)-309.6(of)-307.4(households)-311.4(own)-309.4(cattle)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(\(mean)-343.1(number)-343(owned)-341.6(was)-339.2(1.84\))-341.9(and)-338.5(43%)-344.2(own)-338.2(at)-337.6(least)-347.7(one)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(sheep)-255.3(or)-255.6(goat)-253.4(\(mean)-256.7(number)-250.9(owned)-255.2(was)-252.8(2.12)-254.4([KEMRI/CDC)]TJ
T*
[(HDSS)-282.3(data)-283.3(for)-279.7(2008,)-284.3(unpublished]\).)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 313.0582 358.0157 Tm
[(Tick)-336.8(collection)-333.6(and)-335.7(domestic)-336.9(animals)-330.8(sampling)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 341.5747 Tm
[(The)-207.3(Kenyan)-205.6(International)-202.6(Emer)-8(ging)-200.4(Infections)-203.4(Progra)-7.5(m)-198.2(o)0(f)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(KEMR)-8.4(I/CDC)-503.9(has)-511.1(conducted)-508.9(human)-503.2(population-)-7.9(based)-503(in-)]TJ
T*
[(fectious)-328(disease)-322(surveillance)-323.3(\(PBIDS\))-326(in)-319.1(Asembo)-320.7(since)-324.5(late)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(2005,)-434.1(with)-431.8(between)-438.4(23,500)-435.2(and)-430.7(25,000)-435.2(people)-429.5(under)-432.9(sur-)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(veillance)-228.1(in)-227(33)-221.1(villages)-224.4(within)-226.7(the)-223.5(HDSS)-224.7(\(Feikin)-222(et)-228.1(al.)-220(2011\).)]TJ
T*
[(As)-290.9(part)-287.9(of)-284.4(a)-290.2(study)-287.7(on)-284.4(zoonotic)-287.9(diseases)-294.1(in)-284.6(the)-286.8(site,)-291.3(300)-285.5(live-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(stock-owning)-510.6(compounds)-507.5(\(LOC\))-509.6(were)-508.7(randomly)-506.6(selected)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(from)-581.5(all)-574.9(known)-576.6(livestock-owning)-579.8(compounds)-576.6(in)-578.3(the)-574.8(33)]TJ
T*
[(PBIDS)-266.2(villages,)-268.2(with)-264.7(the)-263.8(sampling)-264.7(frame)-268.2(of)-261.4(LOCs)-266.5(compiled)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(from)-293.6(livestock)-294.7(census)-290.8(data)-294.8(collected)-291.4(by)-290.2(the)-292.6(HDSS.)-291.5(Samples)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(were)-382(collected)-377.8(within)-376.5(a)-370.9(5-km)-374.2(radius)-376.3(of)-376.5(Lwak)-376.3(hospital,)-376.5(the)]TJ
T*
[(design)-7.7(ated)-254.5(referral)-254.2(health)-256.9(facility)-259.3(for)-256.7(Asembo)-251.6(site)-259.1(located)-253.4(at)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
0 -1.1174 TD
(-)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
.72 0 TD
[(0.171388)-327.9(South)-328(and)-327(34.391388)-323.3(East.)-332.7(Domestic)-330.1(ruminants)]TJ
-.72 -1.1116 TD
[(\(cattle,)-326(goats,)-315.3(and)-321.2(sheep\))-319.7(and)-315.5(dogs)-315.2(were)-324.4(sampled)-316.5(from)-322.3(Jan-)]TJ
T*
[(uary)-483.6(through)-485.9(May)-483.4(of)-480.2(2009.)-480.1(Where)-488.1(present,)-485.7(cattle,)-480.5(goats,)]TJ
T*
[(sheep,)-195.4(and)-194.5(dogs)-194.3(were)-197.6(randomly)-195.6(selected)-197.8(\(up)-187.6(to)-198.2(a)-192.3(maximum)-191.2(of)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(three)-255.6(per)-252.1(LOC\))-255.1(and)-252.1(sampled)-253.1(for)-250.9(ticks,)-252.1(by)-249.9(exam)-8(ining)-247.7(specic)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(body)-482.5(sites)-484.6(known)-478.7(to)-480.4(harbor)-485.8(ticks)-479(\(ear,)-482.4(dewlap,)-485.7(shoulder,)]TJ
T*
[(belly,)-275.3(groin,)-268.2(udder,)-269.3(and)-269.4(perineum\))-272.7(and)-269.4(collecting)-268.4(one)-269.4(to)-273(two)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(nonengorged)-198.7(adults)-197.9(of)-198(different)-196.7(genera)-200.1(per)-194.5(site.)-199.1(Ticks,)-195.5(pooled)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(by)-359.3(individual)-364(host)-361.5(animal)-361.8(\(one)-362.6(to)-359.4(six)-354.6(ticks)-363.8(per)-361.5(pool\),)-360.4(were)]TJ
T*
[(preserved)-289.6(in)-278.8(70%)-280.8(ethanol)-281(and)-280.9(stored)-284.1(at)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
16.2251 0 TD
(-)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
.72 0 TD
(80)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.0022 0 TD
()Tj
/F5 1 Tf
.3917 0 TD
(C.)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
-17.3252 -1.1174 TD
[(Amb)11.9(ylo)12.7(mma)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
5.3392 0 TD
[(tic)12.6(ks)-370.6(fro)14(m)-376.7(dom)18.5(est)12.9(ic)-372.1(rum)12.8(ina)12.7(nts)-366.1(and)-367.3(all)-367.6(tic)12.6(ks)]TJ
-6.353 -1.1116 TD
[(obt)13.8(ain)12.7(ed)-302.9(fro)14(m)-301.8(dog)14(s)-300.4(wer)12(e)-307.5(sub)14.2(seq)18.8(uen)12.8(tly)-297.3(ret)12.7(rie)12.7(ve)13.9(d)-306.4(for)-291.2(ide)12.7(nti)13.7(-)]TJ
T*
[(cat)11.5(ion)-239.6(and)-240.6(tes)12.9(tin)13.7(g.)-246.4(Ide)18.6(nti)13.7(ca)11.8(tio)13.7(n)-248.8(was)-241.3(bas)13(ed)-245.3(on)-244.1(ent)12.7(omo)18.5(log)13.9(ica)11.5(l)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(key)12.8(s)-323.4(b)0(y)-313.2(Wal)10.4(ker)-309.7(et)-314.5(al.)-312.2(\(20)14(03\))14(,)-320.2(aft)12.7(er)-314.4(whi)13(ch)-314.4(tic)12.6(ks)-313(wer)12(e)-319(poo)14(led)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(bas)13(ed)-331.7(on)-324.7(spe)13(cie)11.5(s)-335(and)-321.2(hos)14.2(t)-335.3(a)0(n)13.9(ima)11.5(l.)-327.2(Aft)13(er)-331.6(ide)12.7(nt)15(ic)12.9(ati)12.6(on,)-322.4(tic)12.6(ks)]TJ
/F1 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 62.022 749.6502 Tm
(694)Tj
47.8328 0 TD
[(MAINA)-336.1(ET)-338.7(AL.)]TJ
ET
endstream
endobj
46 0 obj
<>stream
/GS1 gs
BT
/F5 1 Tf
9.843 0 0 9.843 59.7543 725.1588 Tm
0 0 0 1 k
0 Tc
0 Tw
[(wer)12(e)-526.4(was)12.1(he)13.9(d)-525.2(i)0(n)-514.9(mol)12.6(ecu)11.7(lar)12.7(-gr)14(ade)-512.5(wat)11.8(er)-515.9(and)-517.1(mec)16.2(han)12.8(ica)11.5(lly)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(di)26.5(s)16.4(r)16.2(up)26.6(t)16.1(e)15(d)-185.4(u)16.2(s)16.4(i)16.1(ng)-169.2(a)-180.8(b)0(e)25.4(a)15(d)-179.6(m)15(il)26.3(l)-179.8(\()16.2(Qi)25.6(a)15(g)16.2(en)-170.4(T)15(i)16.1(ss)27(u)16.2(e)15(L)15(y)0(s)26.8(e)15(r)-185.4(L)15(T)15(\))16.2(.)-182(G)15.3(e)15(n)0(o)26.6(m)15(i)16.1(c)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(DNA)-478.2(was)-471.7(extracted)-475.6(using)-472(QIAamp)-471.5(blood)-472.2(and)-476.8(tissue)-468.4(kits)]TJ
T*
[(\(Qiagen,)-308.2(Valencia,)-306(CA\))-304.7(according)-307.2(to)-301.8(the)-298.3(manufactur)-10(ers)-299.1(in-)]TJ
T*
[(struction,)-285.4(using)-281.9(a)-278.7(nal)-282(elution)-285.7(volume)-279.8(of)-278.6(100)]TJ
/F10 1 Tf
18.4253 0 TD
(l)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
.5472 0 TD
(L.)Tj
-17.9588 -1.1174 TD
-.0207 Tc
[(Blood)-206.1(s)1.4(pe)-5.7(cimens)-211.7(from)-207.3(cattle,)-208.4(goats,)-208.4(a).1(nd)-206.1(sheep)-206.1(were)-207.3(colle)-5.7(cted)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
-.0216 Tc
[(b)-5.4(y)-351(ve)-6.6(nipun)-5.4(cture)-357.9(o).3(f)-356.7(t).2(he)-357.9(jug)-5.4(u).3(lar)-356.7(v).3(ein)-356.8(i).2(n)-5.4(t).2(o)-356.8(p).3(lain)-356.8(vacu)-5.4(tainer)-5.4(s)-356.6(f).4(or)]TJ
T*
-.021 Tc
[(serum)-380.4(p)-4.8(repara)-6(tion)-379.2(a)-6(nd)-379.2(EDTA)-385.8(vacutainers)-384.8(f)1(or)-384.9(anti-coagulated)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
0 Tc
[(blood)-391.5(\(VWR)-388.7(International,)-396.1(West)-387.9(Chester,)-394.5(PA\).)-387.6(Blood)-392.6(col-)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(lection)-373.3(tubes)-363.7(were)-370.4(kept)-368.6(upright)-365(at)-366.4(ambient)-368.6(temperature)-369.5(for)]TJ
T*
[(1530)-166.8(min)-436.6(and)-430.7(then)-431.9(transported)-440.7(to)-428.5(the)-436.6(eld)-431.8(laboratory)-434(on)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(ice.)-360.5(The)-357(EDTA)-359.9(and)-355.8(the)-361.7(plain)-358.3(vacutainers)-362.4(were)-358.9(centrifuged)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(to)-319.1(obtain)-324.8(the)-315.6(white)-324.6(cell)-318(fraction)-322.4(\(buffy)-317.5(coat\))-324.7(and)-321.2(serum,)-316.4(re-)]TJ
T*
[(spectively.)-381(DNA)-368.8(was)-373.8(extracted)-377.7(from)-374.2(buffy)-374.1(coat)-375.5(specimens)]TJ
T*
[(using)-299.2(Qiagen)-292.2(blood)-293.6(and)-298.2(tissue)-295.6(kit)-291.5(\(Qiagen\),)-297.7(as)-296.9(per)-292.4(the)-298.3(man-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(ufacturers)-211.2(instructions.)-208(Testing)-211.7(of)-203.8(samples)-206.8(was)-206.7(conducted)-209.4(as)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(summarized)-287.6(in)-278.8(Figure)-284.2(1.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 59.7543 527.8676 Tm
[(Serosurveillance)-338.7(for)-332.5(IgG)-333.5(antibodies)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
9.843 0 0 9.843 69.7323 511.4266 Tm
[(To)-251.1(assess)-250.1(previous)-246(exposure)-252.8(to)-244.2(rickettsiae,)-256.6(we)-246.1(examined)-249.8(a)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(randomly)-259(selected)-255.4(subset)-255.2(of)-255.6(cattle,)-255.8(goat,)-256.8(and)-252.1(sheep)-255.3(sera)-259.9(\(100)]TJ
T*
[(sera)-300.2(from)-293.5(each)-295.9(species\))-300(for)-297(SFG)-291.8(and)-298.2(TG)-292.2(rickettsiae-specic)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(IgG.)-318.6(Serum)-313(specimens)-319.6(were)-312.8(screened)-318.5(at)-314.5(a)-319(dilution)-314.6(of)-313.2(1:100)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(for)-354.6(IgG)-355.5(against)-349.9(SFG)-355.2(and)-350(TG)-355.6(rickettsiae,)-354.6(using)-356.8(an)-348.9(enzyme-)]TJ
T*
[(linked)-336.3(immunosorbent)-329(assay)-335.7(\(ELISA\))-333.3(as)-331.5(described)-335.9(by)-330.5(Graf)]TJ
T*
[(et)-297.2(al.)-294.9(\(2008\).)-292.2(End)-298.2(point)-293.8(titers)-295.9(were)-295.6(determined)-298.2(for)-291.2(all)-298.5(speci-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(mens)-283.1(that)-282.3(were)-284(positive)-280.9(on)-284.4(screening.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 310.8472 725.7825 Tm
[(Quantitative)-332.7(Real-time)-339.8(PCR)-332.3(assays)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
9.843 0 0 9.843 320.8251 709.3416 Tm
[(A)-266.9(quantitative)-270.8(real-time)-274.1(PCR)-270.2(\(qPCR\))-273.4(assay)-272.4(that)-270.8(amplies)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(and)-396.1(detects)-397.2(a)-393.9(74-bp)-397.1(segment)-397.1(of)-393.8(the)-396.3(citrate)-397.5(synthase)-396.8(\()]TJ
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22.2785 0 TD
(gltA)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
1.6761 0 TD
(\))Tj
-23.9546 -1.1174 TD
[(gene)-404.2(\(Stenos)-406(et)-406.7(al.)-404.3(2005\))-402.9(was)-408.3(used)-402.8(to)-405.5(screen)-407.3(nucleic)-408.9(acid)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(preparations)-281.7(of)-278.6(blood)-282.1(samples)-281.7(from)-282(domestic)-283.1(ruminants)-283.1(and)]TJ
T*
[(ticks)-352.3(for)-354.6(the)-355.9(presence)-353.1(of)-353.5(rickettsial)-361.6(DNA.)-354.9(Rickettsial)-356.9(DNA)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(from)-523.9(ticks)-525.1(were)-525.9(further)-527.3(characterized)-529.5(using)-523.8(a)-526.4(tick-borne)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(rickettsia-specic)-562.5(qPCR)-553.5(assay)-554.6(\(Trick)-556.2(assay;)-555.9(Jiang)-559.5(et)-550.7(al.)]TJ
T*
[(2005a\))-347.6(that)-345.6(amplies)-352.1(and)-344.3(detects)-351.1(a)-347.8(128-bp)-346.4(fragment)-346.5(of)-347.7(the)]TJ
T*
[(outer)-358.1(membrane)-366.1(protein)-360.4(B)-359.2(gene)-358.1(\()]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
13.8348 0 TD
(ompB)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
2.3327 0 TD
[(\),)-361.6(and)-355.8(an)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
4.0548 0 TD
[(R.)-357.1(africae)]TJ
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-20.2223 -1.1174 TD
[(\(RafriG)-304.6(assay\))-308(genotype-specic)-311.3(qPCR)-305.8(assay)-306.9(using)-299.2(primers)]TJ
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.0133 Tc
[(R)5.4(a)-.5(f)6.5(179)6.4(7F)-632.7(\(T)5.2(T)5.3(GGA)5.6(GC)5.4(TA)5.6(AT)5.2(AA)5.6(TA)5.6(AA)5.6(AC)5.4(TC)5.4(TT)5.3(GG)5.6(AC)5.4(\),)]TJ
T*
[(R)5.5(a)-.4(f)6.6(191)6.5(5R)-714.5(\(G)5.7(AA)5.7(TT)5.3(GT)5.4(AC)5.5(TG)5.7(CA)5.7(CC)5.5(GT)5.4(TA)5.7(TT)5.4(TC)5.5(C\))6.6(,)-715.8(a)-.4(n)6.5(d)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
0 Tc
[(R)-7.9(a)-13.8(f)-6.8(1)-12.6(8)-12.6(7)-6.9(9)-12.6(P)-196.8(\(6-FAM-CGCGATGTTAATAGCAACATCACC)]TJ
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[(GCCACTATCGCG-BHQ-1\))-306.3(that)-293.8(amplify)-292.6(and)-298.2(detect)-292.6(a)-296(119-)]TJ
T*
[(bp)-278.7(segment)-281.9(of)-284.4(the)]TJ
/F6 1 Tf
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(ompB)Tj
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(gene.)Tj
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[(The)-305.2(RafriG)-303.5(assay)-306.9(was)-310.4(performed)-307.1(on)-301.7(a)-307.5(Smart)-301.6(Cycler)-309.6(\(Ce-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(pheid,)-183(Sunnyvale,)-188.4(CA\))-183.7(with)-189.8(the)-183.1(following)-183.9(cycling)-188.8(conditions:)]TJ
T*
[(First)-293.4(hold)-298.3(at)-291.5(50)]TJ
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6.2262 0 TD
()Tj
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[(C)-295.9(for)-291.2(2)-168.1(min,)-296.1(second)-296.7(hold)-292.5(at)-297.2(95)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
12.3718 0 TD
()Tj
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[(C)-295.9(for)-297(2)-168.1(min,)]TJ
-19.3872 -1.1174 TD
[(followed)-339.4(by)-342(45)-342(cycles)-344.1(of)-342(denaturation)-345.4(at)-337.6(95)]TJ
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()Tj
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[(C)-341.9(for)-337.3(15)-169.2(s)-340.7(and)]TJ
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[(annealing)-324.7(and)-327(extension)-329.1(at)-320.3(62)]TJ
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()Tj
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[(C)-324.7(for)-325.8(30)-163.5(s.)-326.9(Evaluation)-326(of)-324.7(the)]TJ
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(17\))Tj
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[(and)-396.1(nonrelated)-406.4(bacterial)-400.8(\()]TJ
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(n)Tj
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(=)Tj
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[(12\))-400.7(DNA)-397.6(preparations)-402.6(\()-127.8(Jiang)]TJ
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[(et)-239.6(al.)-243.1(2012\))-247.4(showed)-244.6(the)-240.7(assay)-243.6(to)-244.2(be)-245.3(specic)-241.4(for)-245.1(the)]TJ
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[(R.)-241.9(africa)-7.8(e)]TJ
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[(genotype)-391.4(\(data)-388.1(not)-389.3(shown\).)-390.8(Plasmid)-390.1(positive)-390.3(controls)-390.1(con-)]TJ
T*
[(structed)-258.8(with)-264.7(target)-256.8(sequences)-267.6(from)-259(Trick)-261.4(and)-257.9(RafriG)-263.2(assays)]TJ
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[(were)-272.5(used)-270.3(at)-268.4(10)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 373.0393 439.7101 Tm
(3)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 379.3889 435.3448 Tm
[(copies)-268.1(per)-275.1(reaction.)-269.4(Molecular-grade)-276.8(water)]TJ
ET
q
432.919 0 0 313.568 88.498 93.26 cm
/Im1 Do
Q
BT
/F7 1 Tf
9.845 0 0 9.845 59.7543 76.4787 Tm
[(FIG.)-267.6(1.)]TJ
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[(of)-364.8(Lwak)-364.1(hospital,)-364.1(located)-367.8(at)]TJ
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12.1563 0 TD
(-)Tj
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[(0.171388)-361.6(South)-362(and)-361.2(34.391388)-362.5(East.)-366.7(PBIDS,)-361.1(population-based)-365.2(infectious)-369.6(disease)-361.6(surveil-)]TJ
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[(lance;)-338(ELISA,)-333.8(enzyme-linked)-341.5(immunosorbent)-333.3(assay.)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 59.7543 749.7069 Tm
[(R.)-334.5(AFRICAE)]TJ
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[(VARIANTS)-338.7(IN)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
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[(A.)-338.6(variegatum)]TJ
/F1 1 Tf
6.8224 0 TD
[(TICKS)-30590.3(695)]TJ
ET
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