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Item type: Item , Access status: Open Access , Green Financing and the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks Listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange: Empirical Evidence from Sustainable Financial Innovations(International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2025-11-26) Sino, Duncan Owino; Baraza, Edwins; Monari, FronicaPurpose: This study examines the influence of green banking defined as green lending, green bonds, ESG-aligned lending standards, and sustainable finance adoption on the financial performance of commercial banks listed on the NSE. Methodology: The study applies a positivist philosophy and correlational design using secondary data (2021–2023). Regression, diagnostic tests, and hypothesis testing were conducted using bank-level audited financial and sustainability reports. Findings: Green banking shows a positive but statistically insignificant effect on ROE (β = 0.114; p = 0.103). Diagnostic tests reveal non-normality, weak linearity, and low R², indicating immature adoption and inconsistent ESG reporting. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Strengthen regulatory incentives, standardize ESG reporting, develop green-lending capacity, expand green bond markets, and embed climate-risk assessments into lending operations.Item type: Item , Access status: Open Access , Analysing Emphatic Constructions in Dholuo: A Functional Grammar Perspective(International Journal of Social Sciences and Information Technology, 2026-03) Owenje Tobias Odhiambo; Ondondo, Emily Ayieta; Ochieng’, Robert OnyangoThis paper analyses emphatic constructions in Dholuo, a Western Nilotic language spoken in Kenya, within the framework of Halliday's Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG). The study identifies three broad classes of emphatic constructions in Dholuo — the reordering class, the postponement class, and the dislocation class — and analyses each class in terms of clause as exchange, clause as message, and clause as representation. The reordering class encompasses passive, cleft, topicalised, and inverted constructions. The postponement class includes existential, occurrential, extraposed, and discontinued nominal element constructions. The dislocation class involves subject and object dislocation. The analysis reveals that Dholuo emphatic constructions generate three types of prominence: topical/thematic, end focus, and end weight prominence. The paper demonstrates that Halliday's Functional Grammar provides an adequate theoretical framework for analysing emphatic constructions in a non-Indo-European African language, thereby contributing to cross-linguistic evidence for the theory's universality.Item type: Item , Access status: Metadata only , Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration on Performance of Non-Governmental Organizations in Western Region, Kenya(Research Journal in Business and Economics, 2026-02-12) Kanga, Pamela; Odaya, Aleri; Koech, Caroline SitieneiThe aim of this research was to explore the effect of Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration on the performance of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Western region in Kenya. The objective was to determine the effect of Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration on the performance of Non-Governmental Organizations. The study was anchored on resource-based theory, transaction cost economics theory, social exchange theory, and contingency theory. The study employed positivism research paradigm and an explanatory research design to determine the cause-and-effect relationships between the study variables. The target population of this study comprised of 25 non-governmental organizations located in the western region. Within these organizations, 375 staff with a sample size of 194 respondents was selected using Yamane’s Formulae from different departments such as procurement, logistics, finance, public relations, and warehousing. The study also targeted 12 beneficiaries who included both males and females. A stratified and simple random sampling technique was employed to select the staff within the NGOs, and beneficiaries were selected using purposive sampling. Primary data was collected by using the questionnaire as the main research instrument, while the information from the beneficiaries was collected using the Focus Group Discussion. To determine the reliability of the instruments of this study, the Cronbach alpha (α) of 0.7 and above was employed to test the instruments’ reliability. Face validity was applied to determine if the instrument would measure what it is supposed to measure. The questionnaires were coded and edited for completeness and consistency. Quantitative data was analyzed by employing descriptive statistics such as means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. The data was also analyzed using ANOVA, regression, and correlation analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26.0. The data was then presented using frequency distribution tables for easier understanding. The qualitative data obtained from the Focused Group Discussion with selected beneficiaries were analyzed using thematic analysis and were presented in narrative form. Assumptions of the regression model to be tested included normality tests, linearity tests, autocorrelation, and multicollinearity tests. The study examined Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration and performance of NGOs in the Western region. The finding was that Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration (β = 0.1.361, p = 0.000) had a positive and significant effect on the performance of NGOs in the Western region. The hypothesis tested was rejected since the p-value for the variable was rejected since the p-value for the variable was <0.05. The study concluded that Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration is a key driver of performance among NGOs in Western Kenya. The study recommends that NGOs should strengthen their Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration strategies. The study was basically on the effect of Supply Chain Stakeholder Collaboration on the performance of NGOs in the Western region, Kenya. This may not represent the position of other regions of NGOs in Kenya; further studies in other counties and sub-counties would be ideal for comparison and to investigate other indicators of supply chain integration, such as coordination and internal integration.Item type: Item , Access status: Open Access , On Certain properties of Finite Rank Operators and Bishop-Phelps-Bollobas Criterion in Banach Spaces(CSRS Publication, 2026-02) Orina Moraa; Benard Okelo; Priscah OmokeFor bounded linear operators, it is observed that, Bishop-Phelps-Bollobas criterion has not been studied when operatorsare of finite rank exhaustively. Therefore, it is an area ofinterest in the concept of denseness of norm achieving map-pings to determine whether every finite rank operator betweenBanach spaces can be estimated by those that achieve theirnorms. Hence, it has not been shown whether the set of normachieving finite rank operators is dense in the whole space ofmappings of finite rank. We analyzed this properties partic-ulary norm-attainability. We showed that rank one mappingsachieve their norms on certain Banach lattices. Since finiterank operators are obtained by summing rank one mappings,our results seeks to clarify the behavior of such operators espe-cially in relation to norm-attainability and operator structurewith regard to Bishop-Phelps-Bollobas property.Item type: Item , Access status: Open Access , Effect of Supply Chain Technology Integration on Performance of Non-Governmental Organizations inWestern Region, Kenya(Journal of Business Management & Innovation (JBMI Insight), 2026-01) Kanga, Pamela; Odaya, Aleri; Koech, SitieneiThe aim of this research was to explore the effect of Supply Chain Technology integration onperformance of Non-Governmental Organizations in Western region in Kenya. This study objective was to determine the effect of Supply Chain Technology integration on performance of Non-Governmental Organizations. The study employed positivism research paradigm and an explanatory research design to determine the cause-and-effectrelationships between the study variables. The target population of this study comprised of 25 non-governmental organizations located in western region. Within these organizations, 375 staff with a sample size of 194 respondents was selected using Yamane’s Formulae from different departments such procurement, logistics, finance, public relations and warehousing. The study also targeted 12 beneficiaries who included both male and female. Stratified and simple random sampling technique was employed to select the staff within the NGOs and beneficiaries were selected using purposive sampling. Primary data was collected by using the questionnaire as the main research instrument while the information from the beneficiaries was collected using Focus Group Discussion. Cronbach alpha (α) of 0.7 and above was employed to test the instruments’ reliability. Face validity was applied to determine if the instrument would measure what it is supposed to measure. Quantitative data was analyzed by employing descriptive statistics such as means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages. The data was also analyzed using ANOVA, Regression and correlation analysis. The qualitative data obtained from the Focused Group Discussion with selected beneficiaries was analyzed using thematic analysis and was presented in narrative form. The finding was Technology integration (β = 0.474, p = 0.000) had a positive and had a significant effect on performance of NGOs in Western region. The hypothesis tested was rejected since the p value for the variable was <0.05. The study concluded that Supply Chain Technology integration is key driver of performance among NGOs in western Kenya. The study recommends that NGOs should strengthen their Supply Chain Technology Integration.